Excavating machine



Dec. 3, 1935. J, M KERR 2,022,808

EXCAVATING MACHINE Filed Jan. 3, 1933 2 Sheets-Sheet l ec. 3, 1935. .1.M. KERR EXGAVATING MACHNE Filed Jan. 3, 1955 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTOR@/wf/f: ATTORNEY.

Patented Dec. 3, 1935 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE 2,022,808 EXGAVATINGMACHINE .John M. Kerr, Bay` City, Mich., assignor toBay City Shovels,Inc., Bay City, Mich., a corporation of Michigan This invention relatesto excavating machines,

`and more particularly to the type termed pull shovels, trenchhoes, orinstroke trenchers for excavating trenches, basements, deepeningditches, and for any other purpose for which it can be used.

The prime object of the invention is to pivotally mount a scoop handleon the excavator boom and provide boom hoisting means for raising andlowering said boom, as well as separate and independent means forcontrolling the pivotal movement of the scoop handle.

Another object is to provide simple, rugged, and practical means fortaking up the cable slack as the scoop assembly is actuated, said meansalso providing ample leverage so that the vdigging operation can beperformed with a minimum power requirement.

A further object is to provide an attachment which can be readilymanufactured and assembled, and which can be accurately and positivelycontrolled on work of all kinds.

A further object still is to provide an attachment so Vdesigned that theboom can be set in one position and the'scoop actuated as a pick, so asto strike lany number of hammer blows on rock, hardpan, or othermaterials in which the "excavator is operated.

With the above and other objects in View, the present invention consistsin the combination and `arrangement of parts, hereinafter more fullydescribed, illustrated in the Aaccompanying drawings, and particularlypointed out in the appended claims, it beingunderstood that changes maybe made in the form, size, proportion, and minor details ofconstruction, without departing from the spirit, or sacrificing any ofthe advantages of the invention.

Inv the drawings- Fig. 1 is a fragmentary side elevation of an eX-cavating machine showing my improved trench hoe in position thereon, thedotted line positions 'showing the boom and scoop in various adjusted-ment as usual.

proved construction differs in that the boom can be raised and loweredwithout affecting or actuating the scoop, a separate and independentmeans being provided for actuating the scoop handle with'relation tosaid boom.

Referring now more specifically to the drawings in which I have shownthe broad conception of my invention, the excavator proper is ofconventional design and comprises a main frame 5* which is supported oncrawlers B in the usual manner. A mast 'I is pivotally mounted on themain frame at the point 8, and a boom 9 is also pivotally connected tothe frame by means of the pin II) and is mounted for up and downmovesecured to the outer end of the boom by means of a pin I2, andincludes an arcuate shapedhead I3 which is rigidly securedto theupperend of `the handle by means of bolts I4, the outer rim beinggrooved as at I5 to accommodate the pullout cable I6 which is trainedthereover, this grooved rim being shaped to compensate for thedifference in cable length, as the scoop is moved to its variousyadjusted positions, and while in the present instance I have shown andshall describe a specific cable hookup, I desire it to be understoodthat this invention is not limited to any particular hookup, exceptinsofar as such limitations are specified in the claims or necessitatedby the prior art.

A scoop I'I is pivotally connected at its forward end to the lower endof the handle I I, and a brace I8 is pivotally connected to the rear endof the scoop by means of the pin I9, the upper end of said brace beingconnected to the scoop handle at a point intermediate its length and isprovided with a plurality of openings 20, so that the brace may beadjusted to permit the scoop being tilted to various angles withrelation to the handle.

A bale 2I is pivotally connected to the lower end of the stick by meansof the pin 22, and a sheave cage 23 is pivotally connected to the outerend thereof by means of the pin 24, .a ysuitable -sheave 25 beingmounted in said cage, and a pullin cable is trained around said sheave.

A reversible winding drum is mounted on the excavator frame, and isformed with respective Winding surfaces 26 and 2l, said drums beingdriven from a central power plant (not shown). A shaft 28 is mounted onthe mast, sheaves 29 and 30 respectively being mounted thereon, and

rearwardly projecting plates 3| are secured to thelower ends of the mastmembers and form A scoop handle II is pivotally shown), so that theinclination of the mast may be adjusted as desired.

One end of a boom hoist cable 3'I is anchored to and wound on a drum Aprovided on the frame, thence leading up and over the sheave 33 which isalso journaled on the shaft 35, and thence around the sheave 38EL whichis journaled on the shaft I2 thence leading back and around the sheave38h, and thence back and being dead ended to the member 40 pro-vided onthe shaft I2, and it will be obvious that the boom can be raised orlowered as desired by actuating the drum A on which the boom hoist cableis wound, and that the boom movement in no manner affects nor has it anyconnection with the scoop handle.

Bearings 4I are provided on the boom at a point intermediate its length,and a shaft 42 is journaled therein, a drum 43 being mounted on saidshaft, and one end of the pull-out cable section I6 is wound thereon. Asmaller drum 44 is formed integral with or can be secured to this drum43, the winding face being tapered as shown, and one end of the oppositesection of the ,pull-out cable is wound thereon. A sheave 45 is alsojournaled on the shaft 42 directly adjacent the drum 44, and the pull-incable 46 is trained thereover.

Similar bearings 41 are mounted on the boom 9 at a point spaced from theshaft 42, and a shaft 48 is journaled thereon, a clamp 48 being providedon said shaft, and one end of the pullin cable 46 isanchored thereto,thence this cable leads down and around the sheave 25,` thence up andover the sheave 45, and thence around the sheave 30, thence leading toand being wound on the drum 26 which is mounted on the excavator frame.

The pull-out cable I6 is anchored to the scoop handle at a pointintermediate its length, a plate 5I being secured to said handle and isprovided with a suitable opening adapted to receive one end of thethreaded member 52 which forms a part of the turn-buckle 53. Theopposite member 54 is also threaded, the outer end being bifurcated, anda pin 55 is mounted therein, the end of the cable I5 being anchored tosaid pin, and cable clamps 53 serve to secure it rigidly in position,thence the cable is trained over the head I3 leading down and around thedrum 44 to which it is anchored. This pull-out cable is divided into twosections, the section 56 being anchored to and wound on the drum 43,thence leading down and around the sheave 29 and over and around thedrum 26 to whichit is anchored, these cable sections being so connectedthat there will be approximately two full wraps on the small drum 44when the large drum 43 is full, and it will be readilyobserved that theturn- Vbuckle 53 provides means for adjustment of the extendedpreparatory to being pulled inwardly into the work. The drum 2I is thenactuated to wind the pull-in cable thereon; this simultaneously pays outthe pull-out cable from the drum 26, permitting the upper end of thescoop handle to move outwardly as the scoop moves inwardly towards themachine and into the work. The boom hoist drum A is next actuated toraise the boom, and the machine is swung to spot the scoop over thevehicle or dumping spot. l0 The scoop is then swung to dump the load andthe boom again lowered, and the various operations repeated to againload and dump.

The shape of the head I3 takes up cable slack as the scoop is actuated,insures long Vlife and 15 smooth operation, and the point of anchoringto the scoop handle insures ample leverage, and a minimum powerrequirement, and cable adjustment can be readily made. rlhe diameter ofwinding drums, etc. are relatively large to insure 2U minimum cable wearand are in direct ratio to the shape and length of the scoop handle, andall parts operate smoothly and easily.

From the foregoing description it will be ob- Y vious that I haveperfected a very simple, prac- 25 tical, and substantial trench hoeattachment for excavators` and similar machines.

What I claim is:

1. In an excavating machine, the combination with a boom mounted for upand down move- 30 ments, a scoop assembly pivotally mounted on the outerend of said boom, and including a scoop handle having a curved head ofpredetermined size, the radial lines of the head through the pivotincreasing in length from the point of b5 junction with the scoop handleoutwardly, the scoop working towards the machine when digging, a. boomhoisting cable associated with the boom for the raising and loweringthereof, and Y independent scoop pull out cable trained over 40 saidhead and anchored to said handle, and an independent pull in cableoperatively connected to the scoop for moving it relative to said boom.

2. In an excavating machine, the combination with a boom mounted for upand down move- 45 ments, a scoop handle pivotally mounted on the outerend of the boom and provided with a curved head, the radial lines of thehead through the pivot increasing in length from substantially the pointof junction with the scoop handle outward- 50 ly, a scoop on the lowerend of the handle and working towards the machine when digging, a boomhoisting cable associated with the boom for the raising and loweringthereof, a reversible winding means, a scoop pull out cable wound 55 onsaid means, and trained over said head with the end operativelyconnected to the handle at a point intermediate its length, a scoop pullin cable also wound on said reversible winding means and connected to`the lower end of the handle, 60 said cables selectively pulling saidscoop out or into the work as the winding means is driven.

3. In an excavating machine, the combination with a boom mounted for upand down movements, a scoop handle pivotally mounted on the 65 boom andprovided with an overhanging curved head, the radial lines of said headthrough the hub increasing in length from the point of junction with thescoop handle outwardly, a scoop pivotally connected to the lower end ofthe handle 70 and working inwardly towards the machine when digging, aboom hoisting cable associated with the boom for controlling the up anddown movements thereof, a reversible winding means, a scoop pull outcable trained over said involute shaped head and anchored to the handleat a point intermediate its length, a scoop pull in cable havingconnection with the lower end of the scoop handle, and means connectedto the pull out cable and scoop handle respectively for adjusting saidpull out cable.

4. In an excavating machine, the combination With a boom mounted for upand down movements, a scoop handle pivotally mounted on the outer endthereof and provided with a. curved head, the radial lines of said headthrough the pivot increasing in length from the point of junction withthe scoop handle outwardly, a scoop on the lower end of the handle andworking towards the machine when digging, an independent boom hoistingcable associated with the boom for controlling the raising and loweringthereof, a reversible winding drum, a scoop pull ou cable operativelyWound on said drum and trained over said curved member and connected tothe handle at a point below the pivoting point of the handle, a pull incable also wound on said drum and connected to said scoop, said cablesselectively moving said scoop outwardly or pulling it inwardly towardsthe machine as the winding drum is rotated.

5. In an excavating machine, the combination with a boom mounted for upand down movements, a scoop handle mounted on the outer end thereof andhaving a curved head, a cable groove provided in the outer rim of saidhead, the radial lines of the head through the pivot increasing inlength from the point of junction with the scoop handle outwardly, ascoop on the lower end of the handle and working towards the machinewhen digging, an independent boomi hoisting cable associated with theboom for controlling the raising and lowering thereof, a windingmechanism, a scoop pull out cable trained over said curved head andconnected to the scoop handle at a point intermediate its length, a pullin cable also wound on said mechanism and connected to said scoop, saidcables selectively swinging said scoop outwardly or pulling it inwardlyas the winding mechanism is rotated.

6. In an excavating machine, the combination 5 with a boom mounted forup and down movements, a scoop handle pivotally mounted thereon andhaving a curved grooved head, the radial lines of the head through thepivot increasing in length from the point of junction with the scoophandle outwardly, a scoop pivotally and adjustably secured to the lowerend and working inwardly towards the machine when digging, boom hoistingcables associated'with the boom for controlling the up and downmovements thereof, a common reversible winding drum, adjusting meansmounted on the handle at a point intermediate its length, a scoop pullout cable anchored to said adjusting means and to said winding drum, anda scoop pull in cable also wound on the winding drum, and connected tosaid scoop for pulling said scoop into the work as the winding drum isdriven.

7. In an excavating machine, the combination with a boom mounted for upand down move- '25 ments, a scoop handle pivotally mounted on said boomand formed with an inwardly curved head having a cable groove providedtherein, the radial lines of said head through the pivot increasing inlength from substantially the point of junction with the scoop handleoutwardly, a scoop adjustably secured to the lower end of the handle,hoisting means associated with the boom for controlling the raising andlowering thereof, a reversible winding drum, a` 'scoop pull out cable 35attached to said drum and to the upper end of the handle at a pointspaced inwardly from the upper end, and a pull in cable also connectedto said drum and to the scoop for pulling said scoop `inwardly into thework as the drum is driven. 40

JOHN M. KERR.

